Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

 Cytomegalovirus is transmitted to fetus via placenta at any period of pregnancy equally. When infection occurs in first trimester of pregnancy, 15% of cases end with spontaneous misbirth without virus damage of fetus, i.e. infectious process is found in placenta.

There exists a hypothesis that  at the beginning placenta is infected which, however,  continues to function as a barrier in transmission of cytomegalovirus to fetus. When occurs deterioration of body barrier properties, the virus may enter blood of fetus.

90% of infected fetuses have no signs of infection. 5 – 15% of infected newborns will have cytomegalovirus after birth.  Infection of child may occur during birth when child passes through birth canal. Also this virus may be found in breast milk, therefore more than half children that are fed with breast milk may get cytomegalovirus in first year of their life.

Manifestation of congenital cytomegalovirus is caracterized with retardation in growth and development, increase of spleen and liver, haematological defections, dermatic eruptions, yellow disease and other signs of infection.

However, damage of central nervous system is most dangerous disease manifestation characterized with microcephalism, cerebral atrophy and hearing loss. In brain tissue are found calcifications that are a sign of future development of mental retardation and other neurologic disorders in infected children.

Mortality in very high (10 - 15%) in newborns who developed signs of disease. In rest of 85 – 90% of survived children may be observed neurologic deviations and  mental retardation.

Cytomegalovirus Signs And Symptoms

Most people (95 – 98%) infected with cytomegalovirus via primary infection, show no signs, though some people may complain on symptoms similar to mononucleosis.

Cytomegalovirus symptoms include fever, sore throat, muscle pains, weakness and diarrhea. Sometimes do appear enanthesis, lymph nodes increase, naso-pharyngitis, increase of liver and spleen.

Blood tests may show low amount of thrombocytes, increased amount of lymphocytes and high rate of hepatic enzymes.

Cytomegalovirus presents danger for those with low immunity: people after organ transplantation, HIV carriers and people with cancer.

In those patients infection may show in form of severe inflammation of the lungs, kidneys, retina and gastrointestinal tract organs. Typically virus damages brain tissues which leads to  encephalopathy. Cytomegalovirus may show with inflammation of genito-urinary system.

In women this variant of disease course supposes development of inflammations in female genitalia such as cervical erosion (cervicitis),  inflammations in lining of the uterus (endometritis), vagina and ovaries.

In men cytomegalovirus infection courses as a rule without symptoms or may occur orchids (inflammation of testicles). In some cases occurs inflammation of urethra (ureteritis). Thus, in case of immunodeficiency disorder exists risk for inflammatory process spreading due to weakness of immunity which cannot fight the virus.

Steroids Usage For Penis Enlargement

Today steroid drugs have different pharmacological forms. Steroid ointments act topically (on a particular area of the body), steroid tablets and pills work on the whole body. As you know, bodybuilders use special protein blends based on steroids. It helps them to build big muscles.

In the course of hormones intake occurs muscle increase as long as man carries on colossal trainings. When they do stop trainings, muscles turn into the ordinary fat. Thus, former bodybuilder becomes fat person.

The same steroids are used in poultry farms for hen engrossing. With steroids hens quicker grow and gain their weight. The same effects have hormonal medications over a man who takes them to increase penis size. In order to achieve good results in penis enlargement, it is necessary in the course of taking steroids to lead an active lifestyle and practice exercises at least 3 - 4 times a week.

However, remember that as soon as man stops practicing exercises, his penis stops increasing and its size gets back to the original one. About steroids intake in a man would speak his overweight and his deformed penis. Thus, in this situation exists only one way out – if you started to take steroids, you should do it necessarily in combination with physical exercises for all your life. It's up to you to decide.

What Are the Dangers of Cytomegalovirus?

Cytomegalovirus presents a significant danger for people with diseases which reduce immunity system function. Today the most important issue is problem of compatibility of cytomegalovirus and HIV infection.

When immunity decreases (which often occurs in people with AIDS), cytomegalovirus may become so active that may damage all organs and systems in the body, and even cause development of oncological diseases.

Immunodeficiency disorders may appear after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients who used those treatments for their cancer, or after admission high doses of corticosteroids, or may result from immunoreduction therapy after organ transplantation.

Cytomegalovirus presents a true danger for pregnant women because cytomegaly may cause miscarriage or dead birth. In later terms, the disease may cause severe birth defects or disorders found after birth in a baby such as increased liver and spleen, hemorrhage in internal organs, symptoms of nervous system damage. Therefore, women who plan pregnancy should undergo tests on cytomegalovirus along with rubella, toxoplasmosis and herpes.

Cytomegalovirus Ways of Transmission

Cytomegalovirus disease belongs to “civilization diseases” that were spread worldwide in the past decades. Cytomegalovirus was described in the end of XIX century for the first time and it was considered that the infection is transmitted via saliva. The pathogen was discovered in 1956 by Margaret Gladys Smith.

External appearance of cytomegalovirus is similar to herpes viruses which cause genital virus and lip sore. Cell affected by cytomegalovirus has a large size and contains typical large inclusion bodies. Due to this specific look the disease was called cytomegalovirus (from the Greek cyto-, "cell", and -megalo-, "large").

In 1956 first was proved that cytomegalovirus disease is transmitted not only via saliva but also during sexual intercourse, during pregnancy from mother to baby. Also are known cases when people get infected with cytomegalovirus during blood transfusion and organ transplantation.

Cytomegalovirus disease is very common, however, many virus carriers are unsuspicious of its existence in their body. First of all, it is related to cases when virus not shows any clinical sysmptoms. Often cytomegalovirus lives in human body whole his life without showing itself and without having negative effects over the body.

Sometimes cytomegalovirus shows with symptoms of an ordinary cold and in this case people diseased with it may transmit the virus to other people via close contacts with them.

Most adults and significant number of children are infected with this virus. Cytomegalovirus is most common in developing countries where living standards are low, and poor social and hygienical conditions make the virus spread more quickly.

Ureaplasmosis Treatment

Common smear test both in male and female helps only to suspect ureaplasmas.In ureaplasmosis the white blood count in smear test may be insignificantly increased or may even not exceed the norm.

Today to detect pathogen are used more precise methods of investigation, for example, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial inoculation.

Also immunoenzyme methods are widely used. However they are characterized with low precision (nearly 50 – 70%). Detection of antibodies to Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum are limited in Ureaplasmosis diagnostics.

Treatment
When ureaplasmosis is found in a man, his sexual partner should also undergo treatment even if the partner has no complaints. It should be done because sexual partner may be a reservoir of infection, which may lead to repeated infecting of the man who got treated from it.

There are two directions in ureaplasmosis treatment;
1) treatment with antibacterial medications with account of sensitivity to ureaplasmas
2) correction of immune system disorders. There was proved slight effectiveness of isolated antibiotic therapy
The last stage in ureaplasmosis treatment is obligatory regeneration of vaginal normal flora in a woman.

Prevention
When ureaplasmas are found, it is necessary to say about it to both partners even if they do not experience any symptoms. They both should undergo general examination and treatment if necessary.

Both partners should undergo examination if they plan pregnancy. Taking into account the possibility of misbirth or premature delivery, it is necessary to get rid of ureaplasmas preliminarily.

Signs and Symptoms of Ureaplasmosis

Ureaplasmosis presents danger for pregnant women as it may cause miscarriage or infection development in oviducts. The disease may lead to development of chorioamnionitis, puerperal endometritis, premature birth and fetus aplasia. In very neglected cases the infection may cause purulent-septic development in mother and baby.

It is proved that ureaplasmas have negative effects on male reproductive function. Studies showed that ureaplasmas may attach to sperm cells and break their motion activity, and in some cases even destroy sex cells.

Ureaplasmosis may course in acute or chronic form. As other infections, the disease has no symptoms specific for this pathogen. Ureaplasmosis signs depend on the organ it has damaged. At the same time, modern methods of examination find ureaplasmosis in healthy women who experience no disease manifestations and frequently it goes with other infections. Ureaplasmas may cause inflammation of any part of urogenital tract: urethra, prostate, bladder, testes and their adnexa - in males; vagina, alvus and its adnexa - in females.

Ureaplasmosis shows its symptoms in 3 – 5 weeks after infecting. It should be noticed that patients experience non-significant symptoms, and frequently they do not feel any symptoms at all (especially women).

Ureaplasmosis symptoms in males:

• poor liquid disharge from urethra
• modearte pains and itching during urination
• prostatitis symptoms when prostate gland is affected