Ways of Transmission of Herpes Virus Infection

Genital herpes is caused by two serotypes of herpes simplex: HSV-1 and HSV-2. The disease is transmitted mainly during sexual intercourse with a person diseased with genital herpes. Often genital herpes is transmitted from people with no symptoms or people who does not know they are infected.

Genital herpes rarely is transmitted other than via sexual intercourse, however, there were cases when infecting occurred via saliva, personal hygiene products and underwear. Those ways of infecting have low-probability and may occur during a very close contact with infected person who is in acuity disease. There is impossible to get infected via water-closet seats, swimming pools, common ware and towels.

Besides transmission of HVI via direct path also is possible infecting during organs transplantation, blood transfusion and during direct contact with mucosa or blood of the diseased person in acute stage. In this case danger of infection with genital herpes may lie in wait for such health professionals as gynaecologist, surgeon, dentist.

Herpes is one of most spread human viral infections. More than 90% of people worldwide are infected with herpes simplex virus and 20% among them have various clinical manifestations of the infection. More often from genital herpes do suffer women – the occurrence among women is six time higher than in men.

Moreover, in the middle of XX century HSV-1 and HSV-2 were clearly distinguished by localization, now more frequently occur cases when genitalia of both partners is infected with both types of herpes.

Therefore, today many tests, that help to detect herpes simplex virus, react on both virus types without differentiating. In 40% of cases primary infection with herpes occurs in early childhood. In this case herpes simplex virus is transmitted via airborne from relatives with active signs of herpes infection.

Factors provoking herpes virus infection:
1. lowering of immune responsiveness
2. overcooling and overheating of the body
3. cold-related diseases
4. such medical procedures as abortions or insertion of intrauterine device
5. stress
6. hormonal changes
7. alcohol

Common Info About Herpes Virus Infection

Herpes is known from long ago. For the first time it was described by Hippocrates who introduced into practice the term “herpes” from Greek meaning “creeping”. The disease got this name for its creeping character.

Herpetic skin damage were well known not only to antic and medieval physicians but also to simple people because herpes was one of most wide spread infections. However, only in 1924 scientists have proved viral nature of the disease and detected its pathogen - herpes simplex virus.

Genital herpes is known from 1736 when it was for the first time described by a French court physician  and the disease beard the name of “royal disease”. Today genital herpes morbidity in Russia, as well as in the whole word, permanently increases that is connected with spread of asymptomic and adiagnostic form of the disease.

Herpetic viruses belong to group of viruses that remain in the body for the whole life after they once entered it. Virus may live whole life in the human body without showing itself. Usually herpes manifestations or their absence depend on condition of immune system of virus carrier and his common health.

Herpes shows itself most frequently during ARVI, influenza or other diseases and conditions that weaken the immunity. Normal immunity or its right correction along with keeping to particular norms of healthy lifestyle help to prevent viruses from activation.

Cytomegalovirus Treatment And Prevention

When the virus enters the body it remains there forever, without showing itself. Today there exists no drugs that remove cytomegalovirus from the body. Virus doesn't threaten people with strong immune system.

Cytomegalovirus cannot show himself under conditions of normally functioning anti-infectious system. On this basis, there is no need to treat healthy people who have no cytomegalovirus symptoms.

In HIV infections and other immunodeficient diseases, when cytomegalovirus causes clinically significant symptoms, are used different anti-viral medications which do inhibit virus multiplication but, unfortunately, are not able to remove virus from the body.

Before planning pregnancy each woman with cytomegalovirus should go to the gynecologist and make blood test for detecting cytomegalovirus antibodies. If in her blood were found protective antibodies called immunoglobulin, then there is no need to fear and the woman may easily plan her pregnancy.  Antiviral drugs are not used during pregnancy because of their numerous side effects.

Prevention
In many laboratories are developed vaccines against cytomegalovirus. However, there no exists in the world a registered vaccine that prevents from primary infection and appearing of congenital  cytomegalovirus infection. Vaccination with depauperated strains of  cytomegalovirus is effectively used in medical centers in the USA and Europe in people with transplanted kidneys.

As you know, cytomegalovirus is transmitted via infected body liquids, therefore it is important to practice proper hygiene that includes frequent handwashing, avoiding mouth kissing and avoiding usage of foreign dishes and objects of personal hygiene. Women who work in conditions of high risks for cytomegalovirus infection must make laboratory tests before planning their pregnancy.

Cytomegalovirus Diagnostics

 Diagnostics is based on detection of signs of virus standing in human body and includes next laboratory tests:

 - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is considered today most accurate method to diagnose viral infections.

 - Blood tests that help to detect antibodies to cytomegalovirus.

 - Microscopic examination of swabs of saliva, sperm, secretion from cervix and vagina, delivery waters (during pregnancy) to detect giant cells with typical incorporations (symptom of eye agate).

Instrumental method helping to detect viral infection in fetus is ultrasound examination.

Ultrasound examination helps to detect intrauterine growth retardation, hepatomegaly, increase of brain ventricles, liquid in abdominal cavity (ascites), calcifications in liver and intestine.

Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection

 Cytomegalovirus is transmitted to fetus via placenta at any period of pregnancy equally. When infection occurs in first trimester of pregnancy, 15% of cases end with spontaneous misbirth without virus damage of fetus, i.e. infectious process is found in placenta.

There exists a hypothesis that  at the beginning placenta is infected which, however,  continues to function as a barrier in transmission of cytomegalovirus to fetus. When occurs deterioration of body barrier properties, the virus may enter blood of fetus.

90% of infected fetuses have no signs of infection. 5 – 15% of infected newborns will have cytomegalovirus after birth.  Infection of child may occur during birth when child passes through birth canal. Also this virus may be found in breast milk, therefore more than half children that are fed with breast milk may get cytomegalovirus in first year of their life.

Manifestation of congenital cytomegalovirus is caracterized with retardation in growth and development, increase of spleen and liver, haematological defections, dermatic eruptions, yellow disease and other signs of infection.

However, damage of central nervous system is most dangerous disease manifestation characterized with microcephalism, cerebral atrophy and hearing loss. In brain tissue are found calcifications that are a sign of future development of mental retardation and other neurologic disorders in infected children.

Mortality in very high (10 - 15%) in newborns who developed signs of disease. In rest of 85 – 90% of survived children may be observed neurologic deviations and  mental retardation.

Cytomegalovirus Signs And Symptoms

Most people (95 – 98%) infected with cytomegalovirus via primary infection, show no signs, though some people may complain on symptoms similar to mononucleosis.

Cytomegalovirus symptoms include fever, sore throat, muscle pains, weakness and diarrhea. Sometimes do appear enanthesis, lymph nodes increase, naso-pharyngitis, increase of liver and spleen.

Blood tests may show low amount of thrombocytes, increased amount of lymphocytes and high rate of hepatic enzymes.

Cytomegalovirus presents danger for those with low immunity: people after organ transplantation, HIV carriers and people with cancer.

In those patients infection may show in form of severe inflammation of the lungs, kidneys, retina and gastrointestinal tract organs. Typically virus damages brain tissues which leads to  encephalopathy. Cytomegalovirus may show with inflammation of genito-urinary system.

In women this variant of disease course supposes development of inflammations in female genitalia such as cervical erosion (cervicitis),  inflammations in lining of the uterus (endometritis), vagina and ovaries.

In men cytomegalovirus infection courses as a rule without symptoms or may occur orchids (inflammation of testicles). In some cases occurs inflammation of urethra (ureteritis). Thus, in case of immunodeficiency disorder exists risk for inflammatory process spreading due to weakness of immunity which cannot fight the virus.

Steroids Usage For Penis Enlargement

Today steroid drugs have different pharmacological forms. Steroid ointments act topically (on a particular area of the body), steroid tablets and pills work on the whole body. As you know, bodybuilders use special protein blends based on steroids. It helps them to build big muscles.

In the course of hormones intake occurs muscle increase as long as man carries on colossal trainings. When they do stop trainings, muscles turn into the ordinary fat. Thus, former bodybuilder becomes fat person.

The same steroids are used in poultry farms for hen engrossing. With steroids hens quicker grow and gain their weight. The same effects have hormonal medications over a man who takes them to increase penis size. In order to achieve good results in penis enlargement, it is necessary in the course of taking steroids to lead an active lifestyle and practice exercises at least 3 - 4 times a week.

However, remember that as soon as man stops practicing exercises, his penis stops increasing and its size gets back to the original one. About steroids intake in a man would speak his overweight and his deformed penis. Thus, in this situation exists only one way out – if you started to take steroids, you should do it necessarily in combination with physical exercises for all your life. It's up to you to decide.